New Delhi: Opposition parties and several trade unions voiced strong concern on Saturday over the notification of the four Labour Codes, with many urging their withdrawal. They described the Codes as anti-worker and pro-corporate, pushed through without adequate consultation.
Congress General Secretary (communications) Jairam Ramesh said on a post on X: “29 existing labour-related laws have been re-packaged into 4 codes. This is being marketed as some revolutionary reform when even the Rules have yet to be notified.”
Meanwhile, ten major Indian trade unions criticised the government’s implementation of the new labour codes – the most sweeping changes in decades – calling it a “deceptive betrayal” of the country’s workforce.
The Centre of Indian Trade Unions held protest marches on Saturday in Bhubaneswar, where hundreds of workers assembled and set copies of the newly introduced labour codes on fire.
Earlier, prominent international organisations, including the International Labour Organization (ILO) and the International Social Security Association (ISSA), welcomed the government’s decision on November 21 to implement the four Labour Codes. They noted that the reforms mark a significant step in strengthening social protection, improving minimum wage structures, and enhancing institutional capacity, while also contributing to the global conversation on inclusive and modern labour frameworks. Their responses underscore India’s growing influence in shaping international labor and social security standards, according to a PIB release.
ISSA, in a post on X, said: “India’s Labour Codes add momentum to global efforts for stronger, more inclusive social security systems. ISSA welcomes this milestone and encourages sustained investment in coverage, protection, and institutional capacity.”
Gilbert F. Houngbo, the Director-General of the ILO, said in a post on X: “Following with interest developments of India’s new Labour Codes announced today, including on social protection & minimum wages. Social dialogue among govt, employers & workers will remain essential as reforms are implemented to ensure they’re positive for workers and business.”
These reactions from major global bodies indicate strong international support for India’s Labour Codes, particularly in areas such as fair wages, expanded social protection, and greater formalization of the workforce. The Ministry of Labour & Employment has reiterated its commitment to continued cooperation with global organisations and domestic partners to strengthen India’s labour system and ensure effective rollout of the reforms.
